Ruby is a dynamically-typed, interpreted language with a similar syntax to Python, featuring significant whitespace and the use of blocks and lambdas. Ruby also supports multiple paradigms, including object-oriented, functional and metaprogramming.
Perl is a versatile, interpreted language that is known for its text processing and system administration capabilities. It has a similar syntax to Python, with significant whitespace, regular expressions and references. Perl also supports multiple paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented and functional programming.
JavaScript is a ubiquitous, interpreted language that is mainly used for web development and scripting. It has a similar syntax to Python, with dynamic typing, first-class functions and prototypes. JavaScript also supports multiple paradigms, including imperative, functional and event-driven programming.
R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. It has a similar syntax to Python, with dynamic typing, vectors and functions. R also supports multiple paradigms, including imperative, functional and object-oriented programming.
Lua is a lightweight, embedded, interpreted language that is widely used for game development and scripting. It has a similar syntax to Python, with dynamic typing, tables and coroutines. Lua also supports multiple paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented and functional programming.